Napoleon Bonaparte Essay -- biographies bio biography

Napoleon Bonaparte is regarded as one of the greatest military and political masterminds in the history of man. Napoleon’s brilliance led him through extremely successful Italian campaigns, major battles against the Third Coalition and helped him rule politically to keep the gains of the revolution. Napoleon, through his military conquests and political alterations, made France a great nation. Napoleon Bonaparte was born on August 15th, 1769 in small town of Ajaccio on the island of Corsica. He had seven siblings, and his father was a lawyer whose family stemmed from the Florentine nobility. In 1779, Napoleon went to school at Brienne in France. There he took a great interest in history, especially in the lives of great ancient generals. Napoleon was often badly treated at Brienne because he was not as wealthy as his fellow classmates were, and being short for his age did not help. Along with those shortcomings he did not speak French well, because mainly Italian was spoken in Corsica. He studied very hard so that he could do better than those who mocked him. Napoleon attended the Ecole Military School in Paris in 1784. This is where he received his military training to become an artilleryman and an officer. Napoleon finished his training and joined the French army at the age of sixteen years old. He was appointed to an artillery regiment, and commissioned as a lieutenant. Napoleon spent the next seven years reading the works of the philosophers, and educating himself in military matters by studying the campaigns of great military leaders of the past. The French Revolution and the European wars broadened Napoleon’s sights and presented him with new opportunities. Napoleon was a supporter of the French Revolution; he went back and forth between Paris and Ajaccio, working for the Republic. Napoleon rose quickly through the ranks and became a captain in 1792. At the age of 25, only one year after becoming captain, Napoleon performed so well that he was promoted to the rank of Brigadier General. He was given command of the artillery at Toulon, and in December of that same year, the French forced the English out of Toulon. The commander in chief wrote: â€Å"I have no words to describe the merit of Bonaparte. Much science, as much intelligence, and too much bravery.† In August of 1794 Napoleon was arrested because he had been a supporter of Robespierre, a radica... ...aty of Pressburg Napoleon made himself king of Italy, his brother Joseph, king of Naples, and another brother Louis king of Holland. In October of 1806 Napoleon went to war again. He defeated the Prussians in the battle of Jena, and captured Berlin. The Prussian king fled to Russia and Napoleon advanced through Poland. While away he was in constant communications with Paris. He received word every day of its internal affairs even though he was 1500 miles away. On February 8th, 1807, Napoleon fought a battle with the Russians at Eylan Germany to a draw. Then on June 14th he destroyed the Russian army at Friedland, Germany. After this battle Napoleon and Alexander I met at Tilsit. Together they divided Europe with Napoleon obviously claiming the larger share. Now except for England, the Bonaparte family now ruled the whole of Western Europe. ix Napoleon Bonaparte is regarded as one of the greatest military and political masterminds in the history of man. Through his extremely successful Italian campaigns, his revolutionary changes in the French government and battles against the Third Coalition Napoleon gave France total domination over Western Europe and to become a great nation.

Corporal Punishment Argument Essay

Corporal Punishment Argument Essay Corporal Punishment should not be enforced to teach children from misbehaving. To spank and to hit children in todays society Is considered morally wrong but often unpracticed. There is a fine line between abusive hitting and spanking your child on the caboose. Parents who hit their children wither at home or in public leave mental and physical scars that could untimely influence violent behavior in children. Children who are physically punished at home hardly ever learn their lesson.Researchers from the Catalog of Physiologic Study have proved that punishing a child through corporal punishment only leads to more misbehaver. Instead, by confronting them in a calm matter has shown to work better by 35 percent, rather than hitting. In addition, by taking away something that the child possess dear to their hearts for a certain period of time forces them to behave in an orderly manner. For example, when a child runs up a cell phone bill, it would make m ore sense to take away the cell phone rather than physically spank the child and allowing them to keep the cell phone.By keeping the cell phone, children are more likely to take risks. Although, by taking away the phone children understand if they were to take another risk they would jeopardize not having a phone. Society can be viewed as extremely hypocritical. Their viewpoints on public corporal punishment can be seen as evil. More than 90 percent of the community disagrees with corporal punishment while they are in public, but only 15 percent will practice what they preach in their homes. This leaves about 85 percent of parents who exercise spanking in the comfort of their own homes.This hypocritical trait is what leads to frustration in parents and confusion in children. Many times the frustration from not being able to punish children in public leads to a more severe punishment at home. This is often seen when teachers notify higher authority when they see or suspect some sort of violence in their student’s homes. A child who receives corporal punishment undergoes more stress and emotional discomfort than any parent might from contributing punishment. The children’s helplessness can lead to more violent behavior; In addition, most children grow up to mimic the methods of discipline from their own parents or guardians.In 2008, child services survey announced that children who had been spanked at a younger age were at high risk of emotional damage, which often resulted to a poor and unsuccessful future. In addition most children loose respect and become accustomed to being hit by their parents. Most children aren’t fazed by others emotions because of their adapted ways. Spanking and hitting children are not the only idealistic methods to solving problems. The many viewpoints from parents, society and children are important to follow inorder to have a child who

The Abolishment of Slavery Essay - 934 Words

Abolishment of Slavery Slavery was caused by economic factors of the English settlers in the late 17th century. Colonists continually tried to allure laborers to the colony. The head right system was to give the indentured servant, a method of becoming independent after a number of years of service. Slavery was caused by economic reasons. Colonists chiefly relied on Indentured Servitude, in order to facilitate their need for labor. The decreasing population combined with a need for a labor force, led colonists to believe that African slaves were the most efficient way to acquire a labor force that would satisfy their needs. Slaves were people who were taken from their homeland in Africa and brought to America, to serve as servants on†¦show more content†¦During the time around 1850, tensions were rising on the issue of slavery between the North and the South. New states were being admitted to the United States, but the decisions to make them a free state or a slave state w ere what really mattered. As an example, California was admitted to the Union as a free state, and this angered the south very much because slavery was a very important factor to the Souths economy. The Compromise of 1850 was developed to help soothe the tensions on each side. This Compromise had several provisions: California was admitted to the Union as a free state; the territories of New Mexico and Utah were created without restrictions of slavery; the slave trade was abolished in Washington, D.C.; Congress passed a stricter fugitive slave law. This compromise showed just how important slavery was to each side, and it gives us a good idea of why it could be important as one of their goals during the Civil War. With slavery in mind, it brought about ideas of succession to the South. Because the South was scared of Lincoln abolishing slavery, they thought it would be a wise decision to secede from the Union. In fact, Lincoln had no plans of abolishing slavery, but stated that it should not spread to the territories. The South basically misunderstood and decided to secede anyway. The reason slavery was so important to the South, and lead them to break apart from the Union was that itShow MoreRelatedThe War Of The American Civil War991 Words   |  4 PagesCivil War is known to most as the bloodiest war anyone has ever witnessed. It claimed the life of thousands of Americans and animosity that was built up over several years prior to it can be to blame. Most people think that slavery was the cause of this battle, and although slavery did play a part, it was not the main cause. The biggest roles played in the American Civil War were states’ rights, unfair bills, feelings of inferiority and threats to economy. The tension started during the time thatRead MoreAfrican American Exceptionalism1248 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction The abolishment of slavery has never made America Exceptional because the systematic oppression of African Americans occurred for decades after they were freed. American Exceptionalism is the belief that Americans are superior because the United States follows a different set of laws and norms that govern other countries. Supposedly, these differences account for the freedom that Americans have, which other countries lack. However, not all Americans, such as African Americans, have beenRead MoreSlavery During The American Revolution Essay1523 Words   |  7 PagesSlavery was held out until 1865, but during this time period abolitionist are trying to do anything to stop slavery. The reason being is because slavery wasn’t slavery anymore. Slavery was beginning to become more advance due to technological innovation. The Abolitionist are people that were against slavery and would boycott anything to get rid of slavery. The argument that the Abolitionist had during this time peri od was its conditions as violating Christian’s principals and rights to equalityRead MoreSlavery And The Abolition Of Slavery1166 Words   |  5 Pagesmain issue of controversy that contributed to the split of the Union: slavery. Lincoln explicitly expressed that slavery should be abolished for several reasons, recognizing the practice as an extreme violation of human rights and American republicanism. Despite his advocacy for abolishment, Lincoln’s politics on racial justice were still problematic. While Abraham Lincoln recognizes basic human rights, and advocates that slavery is an obvious violation of these basic principles, I argue and characterizeRead MoreThe American Revolution : A Revolution Of Equality894 Words   |  4 Pagesfor the abolishment of slavery nationally. 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In today’s world, we Americans almost all agree that slavery had been a negative factorRead More Fred erick Douglass Essays505 Words   |  3 Pagesevents of someone’s life if not for the fact that the narrative was written by Frederick Douglass himself. In light of the fact that Douglass wrote his autobiography as a treatise in support of the abolishment of slavery, the removed tone was an effective tone. It gave force to his argument that slavery should be done away with. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Considering the fact that this was written during the height of the abolition movement the novel had to be effective in order to advance the

Jane Austen s The Socio Economic Status Of A Woman

During the time of Jane Austen the socio-economic status of a woman depended greatly on marriage. Perhaps it was Austen’s past life events that led her to constructing such a magnificent piece of writing like Emma. Austen herself was to be a witness of how a woman’s reputation could change with marriage, once she received a marriage proposal which she denied despite the fact that this man was â€Å"to inherit a sizeable amount of real estate† (Warren, 2). Emma by Jane Austen undoubtedly tells about the life of women whose one of the few ways of exercising any sort of power was by choosing whether they wanted to marry or not. Human speech has never been something easy to decipher, since people do not always say what they mean, regardless of time period. This is also reflected in Emma, where riddles and word games between the characters of the novel have different meanings for different people. These word games can be utilized by women in different ways as they can be easily misinterpreted, at the same time, such matters can drastically change the stature of a woman. Word games among society are not always so evident. Sometimes it is necessary to learn how to read in between the lines, and that is what women have had been doing ever since the Nineteenth century. The word games in this novel are the representation of the real life complexity of the human speech. For instance, in volume I, chapter XI of Emma, Mr. Elton brings a riddle for Emma Woodhouse who despite of being one ofShow MoreRelatedJane Austen s Pride And Prejudice1649 Words   |  7 PagesIn her novel, Pride and Prejudice, Jane Austen is pre-occupied with the theme of marriage. Marriage is a central issue of a woman’s life but it was even more crucial for the women of her society where women were largely dependent on the men in their lives. As a result, women pursued socio-economic stability through marriage. However, it is clear through the novel that Austen did not agre e with this part of her society. In Pride and Prejudice, she gives preference to a marriage which is based on loveRead MoreJane Austen s Pride And Prejudice1434 Words   |  6 PagesJane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice was considered a radical novel back in 1813 when she wrote and published the piece. It is a social commentary on the treatment and societal standards of women, as well marriage expectations at the turn of the 19th century. Austen criticizes the patriarchal society, materialism, double standards of men and women by centering the book around Elizabeth Bennett, a young woman of decent means who does not understand the reason for the pressure to find a suitable husbandRead MorePride and Prejudice- First Impressions1392 Words   |  6 PagesThe novel Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen was originally titled First Impressions. 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Elizabeth Bennet, the novel’s protagonist, takes us on a journey into her thoughts, feelings and experiences as she learns to deal with various family crisis as well as her own quest for love. There are good lessonsRead MoreEssay on The Gothic Genre and What it Entails6177 Words   |  25 Pageswith the very unique socio-political situation in the 1960s echoing a the unique situation of the late eighteenth century, the heyday of the genre.) Since then there has been a deluge of commentary which has elevated the genre to a critical and scholarly favourite. It is often said that one of the unifying features of Romanticism is its intentional political relevance. Much of the canonical Romantic literature is inspired or informed by socio-political events. We need Read MoreMetamorphoses Within Frankenstein14861 Words   |  60 PagesThe Critical Metamorphoses of Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein You must excuse a trif ling d eviation, From Mrs. Shelley’s marvellous narration — from th e musical Frankenstein; or, The Vamp ire’s Victim (1849) Like Coleridge’ s Ancient Mariner , who erupts into Mary Sh elley’s text as o ccasionally and inev itably as th e Monster into Victor Frankenstein’s lif e, Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometh eus passes, like night, from land to land and w ith stang ely ad aptable powers of speech

Market Situation and Consumption of Coffee Products in Abu Dhabi Marke Term Paper

Essays on Market Situation and Consumption of Coffee Products in Abu Dhabi Market Term Paper The paper â€Å"Market Situation and Consumption of Coffee Products in Abu Dhabi Market† is a   great version of a case study on marketing. Abu Dhabi is a federal capital located at the center of the (United Arab Emirates) UAE government and is said to be one of the most modernized cities in the world. The population is about 1.5 million and the headquarters of various oil companies and embassies are located in the city resulting in development. The city has about 420,000 citizens and the others are foreigners, among the citizens each one is worth about 17 million dollars and this conclusion made Abu Dhabi be described by CNN as the richest city in the entire world (Aaker 500). The city is beautiful featuring large gardens and parks along the roads and streets.There are also sophisticated buildings, the international luxurious chain of hotels and sumptuous shopping malls. For long Abu Dhabi has been viewed as a calm and bureaucratic city, unlike neighboring Dubai. To attract more tourists and investors, the 2004 ruler introduced the sale of lands to foreigners and the tight restrictions on alcohol were loosened. Massive projects are now underway, for example, the Yas Island and the Ferrari theme park are under construction. The city is currently experiencing a construction boom with the Saadiyat Island and Louvre Museums that are scheduled to be opened by 2013 (Aaker 501).A devastating storm has been brewing the world’s physical coffee market especially in the Middle East region (Hickman 56). This is because the firms that are responsible for the delivery of seeds are being hit by a double crisis. The soaring prices and increased margins have forces exporters and importers to take on more risks for example by abandoning hedges to avoid more financial costs. Coffee handlers have therefore been condemned for increasing their price margins which are the sum paid to maintain an open exchange relationship. The margins increased by about 150 percent f or the last six months of 2010, therefore, increasing the cost of evading purchases of coffee in the future.According to Aaker (503) in Guatemala, which is the highest producer of high-quality Arabica beans, for example, the financial squeeze became unbearable in a way that export and import trade came as at a standstill. This is because most exporters declared that it was impossible for them to hedge more purchases as this would bring them losses in shipment costs. In Colombia which is the top grower of Arabica coffee, exporters were selling as fixed prices to avoid destroying the future market. The world’s biggest supplier of coffee, Brazil is increasing hedges in order to avoid losses brought about by paying for the increased margins. With the continuing rise of prices, the firms that have not hedged their positions are undergoing losses in the market.The margin squeeze of coffee is compared to the surge in oil and grain prices which led to the collapse of most firms espec ially in 2008. Taback (78) shows the impact of this is being felt in smaller clubby coffee markets which have been left out when the commodity was at the boom stage. This affects the smaller local exporters who buy the beans from small farmers and sell them to big companies such as Folgers’ or Starbucks. The small amount of money got is usually not enough to maintain the position of these exporters in the market. The worry is in maintaining the position on exchange and what the position will be is not known.

Ap World History 2010 Q3 Free Essays

WORLD HISTORY 2010 SCORING GUIDELINES Question 3 — Comparative BASIC CORE (competence) 0–7 Points 1. Has acceptable thesis. 1 Point †¢ The thesis must include both a valid similarity and a valid difference in methods of political control in two of the empires. We will write a custom essay sample on Ap World History 2010 Q3 or any similar topic only for you Order Now †¢ The thesis must be relevant to the time period, but the dates need not be explicit. †¢ The thesis must be explicitly stated in the introduction or the specified conclusion of the essay. †¢ The thesis may appear as one sentence or as multiple sentences. †¢ A thesis that is split among multiple paragraphs or merely restates the prompt is unacceptable. The thesis CANNOT count for any other point. 2. Addresses all parts of the question, though not necessarily evenly or thoroughly. 2 Points For 2 points: †¢ Identifies at least one valid similarity and one valid difference in methods of political control. †¢ Discusses two empires but not necessarily evenly. For 1 point: †¢ Identifies at least one valid similarity or at least one valid difference in methods of political control. †¢ Discusses two empires but not necessarily evenly. 3. Substantiates thesis with appropriate historical evidence. 2 Points For 2 points: Must provide at least five specific pieces of evidence (at least two from each empire). †¢ Evidence must be within the designated time periods (e. g. , evidence from the Roman Republic or Qin dynasty is not acceptable). For 1 point: †¢ Must provide at least three specific pieces of evidence (at least one from each empire). †¢ Evidence must be within the designated time periods. 4. Makes at least one direct, relevant comparison between/among societies. 1 Point (The direct comparison may discuss either similarities or differences. ) †¢ To earn this point, the comparison must be made somewhere other than in the thesis. . Analyzes at least one reason for a similarity or a difference identified in a direct compariso n. †¢ Analysis (reason why) must be related to a similarity or a difference in methods of political control between the two empires. Subtotal 1 Point 7 Points  © 2010 The College Board. Visit the College Board on the Web: www. collegeboard. com. AP ® WORLD HISTORY 2010 SCORING GUIDELINES Question 3 — Comparative (continued) EXPANDED CORE (excellence) Expands beyond basic core of 1–7 points. A student must earn 7 points in the basic core area before earning points in the expanded core area. 0–2 Points Examples: †¢ Has a clear, analytical and comprehensive thesis. †¢ Addresses all parts of the question thoroughly (as relevant): comparisons, chronology, causation, connections, themes, interactions, content. †¢ Provides ample historical evidence to substantiate thesis. †¢ Relates comparisons to larger global context. †¢ Makes several direct, relevant comparisons between or among societies. †¢ Consistently analyzes the causes and effects of relevant similarities and differences. †¢ Applies relevant knowledge of other regions or world historical processes. †¢ Discusses change over time (e. g. changing methods of political control as the empires began to decline). †¢ Recognizes nuances within empires. Subtotal 2 Points TOTAL 9 Points  © 2010 The College Board. Visit the College Board on the Web: www. collegeboard. com.  © 2010 The College Board. Visit the College Board on the Web: www. collegeboard. com.  © 2010 The College Board. Visit the College Board on the Web: www. collegeboard. com.  © 2010 The College Board. Visit the College Board on the Web: www. collegeboard. com.  © 2010 The College Board. Visit the College Board on the Web: www. collegeboard. com.  © 2010 The College Board. Visit the College Board on the Web: www. ollegeboard. com.  © 2010 The College Board. Visit the College Board on the Web: www. collegeboard. com.  © 2010 The College Board. Visit the College Board on the Web: www. collegeboard. com.  © 2010 The College Board. Visit the College Board on the Web: www. collegeboard. com. AP ® WORLD HISTORY 2010 SCORING COMMENTARY Question 3 Overview The intent of the question was for students to pick two of the stipulated empires — Han China (206 B. C. E. to 220 C. E. ), Mauryan/Gupta India (320 B. C. E. to 550 C. E. ), Imperial Rome (31 B. C. E. to 476 C. E. ) — and compare the ways those empires exerted political control over their populaces. Students were explicitly told to discuss both similarities and differences in methods of political control. Sample: 3A Score: 8 The essay contains a valid thesis in the second and third sentences of the first paragraph (1 point). In the fourth paragraph, the essay addresses a similarity (â€Å"Both empires had unstable borders†) and several differences, including â€Å"However, Han China dealt with the Turkic Huns through the tribute systems, thus placating them with gifts and avoiding costly expensive warfare, which Rome preferred when dealing with their enemies† (2 points). Although there is ample evidence for the Han, Roman evidence is limited by discussion of the Republic, which could not be counted. There is, however, enough evidence for 2 evidence points. In addition to the direct comparison listed above, there is another difference at the bottom of the second paragraph — â€Å"However, because there was less emphasis as a collective group in Rome, the political organization was a lot less structured than China’s† — which earned 1 point for the comparison and 1 point because the statement also involves an analysis. This essay contained a complex thesis, sufficient depth of comparison, and supporting evidence to earn 1 Expanded Core point. Sample: 3B Score: 6 This essay contains a valid thesis in the first paragraph (1 point) and addresses both similarities and differences (2 points). There is sufficient evidence for both the Mauryan/Gupta and the Han empires (2 points). The direct comparison is found in the second paragraph: â€Å"Han China and Maurya Gupta [sic] both consolidated their power through military buildup† (1 point). The essay attempts analysis in the next to the last paragraph but only analyzes the Han: â€Å"Due to their lack of a devout religion, China was able to assimilate the Huns when they began to invade China. † There is no analysis of a comparison of Han and Mauryan/Gupta methods of political control. Sample: 3C Score: 3 There is no valid thesis because the essay attempts to show a difference between Han and Rome in terms of the Roman Republic, which is outside the time period. The essay only addresses similarities, not valid differences (1 point). The evidence is sufficient for the Han, but the only valid piece of evidence for Rome is the statement that â€Å"He [Augustus] defeated Cleopatra and Mark Anthony making sure that Rome is politically secured† (1 point). Most of the Roman evidence is prior to 31 B. C. E. and therefore did not earn credit. The essay has a valid direct comparison in the fourth paragraph: â€Å"The size of both empires was an issue that led to leaders ultimately losing political control of both empires† (1 point).  © 2010 The College Board. Visit the College Board on the Web: www. collegeboard. com. How to cite Ap World History 2010 Q3, Papers

Implications for Management Skill Development Resource

Question: Describe about the Implications for Management for Skill Development Resource. Answer: Thesis statement The article deals in examining the most critical challenges that majority of the chief executives have been facing in the industries. Strengths and weaknesses Strengths The thesis statement is strong enough which would be helping in determining the challenges related to the management, which could be helping in considering the way the human resource manager would be supporting the skill development. The statement requires the authors to encourage and facilitate the exchange, which is very critical in the current business environment. The statement also helps in identifying the advocating for change, encouragement of innovation, provisioning for change, and facilitation for the collective learning. The thesis has been emphasized on the continuing organizational needs of New Zealand for improving its effeiciency through repositioning the existing one through limited resources. The organizations are to repostion them through constrained resources. The thesis requires the authors to focus on the development of managers by taking part in the development processes for bridging internal and external boundaries (Hutchinson and Bosall 2014). Weaknesses The statement requires considering a major area, which deals in considering a complex environment related to the changing environment and technologies in the business environment. It is very critical to understand the technical aspects of the management strategies of the senior executives such that reason behind the success of the managers is heavily based on the aspects of managing people. These strategies are highly valuable, which involves better selection, job design, training and team building. Some of the jobs require being redundant wherein the entire organization or a part of it is required to be offshore or outsourced. In some other cases, the organizations are needed to be merged or disestablished. The authors in this scenario, are needed to put premium vision and skills of the senior managers. It is not only for the renewal of the organization but also for managerial hierarchy towards promoting substatiatuve, interactional and procedural equality. These decisions are taken by the organizational executives towards restructuring process of organizations. It assists in increasing the effectiveness of the organization through identifying the flaw in operation and taking necessary steps through restructuring. Thus, the statement requires covering a wider area concerning the capabilities of the senior executives in the organizations. Critique The statement is helpful in enabling the managers to identify the management capabilities, which they would be requiring for the proper management of the business activities in the organizations in New Zealand. The statement required the authors to implement an integrative approach across the three-business sectors viz., the public, and private and not for profit sector. The approach helped the authors to identify the three most critical challenges that most of the business executives face in the country, which included: (1) management of restitution and indecision, (2) management of stakeholders and partners, (3) management of employees and internal wealth. The authors have been able to link the critical challenges corresponding with the business sectors in their respective business environment (Hutchison and Boxall 2014). The first challenge faced is to manage the renewal and uncertainty, which comes through strong prominence of the chief executives in Private sectors. They are to adapt the constant changes in technology and marketing. The second challenge, which can be evidently found from the findings is to manage relationship with stakeholders and businesspartners (Huthicson and Boxall 2014). The third challenge, which can be identified from the survey is to manage people and internal resources. This implies a need to renew and implement changes in the business environment as identified in the article related to the management of people and internal resources. Analysis The thesis statement would be helping in determining the challenges related to the management, which could be helping in considering the way the human resource manager would be supporting the skill development. The statement also helps in encouraging and facilitating the exchange, which is very critical in the current business environment. The statement also helps in identifying the advocating for change, encouragement of innovation, provisioning for change, and facilitation for the collective learning. The thesis would allow the authors to conduct surveys on the senior executives of the organizations in New Zealand. The survey would be emphasizing on the ongoing need of the organizations in New Zealand to improve the efficiencies in order to reposition the existing one with the constrained resources. Key points The first theme identifies the management of renewal and uncertainty deals in developing taxonomy of leadership behaviors that required the capturing of the requirements of the leaders for facilitating to help their organizations perform better. The second theme identifies the issues related to the management of the relationships with the business partners and stakeholders. This theme would be reflecting shifts in the business environment. These three themes together would be helpful for the authors towards providing helpful stratig point to improve the managerial capabilities of organizations. These themes are especially degined for the context of New Zealands organizations (Hutchinson and Boxall 2014). The authors are thus, required to assess the existing capabilities of the chief executives and determine the challenges as evident in the business organizations in the country by implementing a proper diagnostic tool. The tool selected by the authors is the survey method, which had h elped them in conduction a diagnostic analysis on the challenges (Hutchison and Boxall 2014). The analytical capabilities of the authors have enabled them in gaining a proper understanding of the development priorities related to each of the three themes. The analysis aimed at providing solutions the mangers such that they could be able to tackle the challenges within the business environment in an efficient manner. The qualitative data as collected by the authors in the article also helps in providing effective solutions for these chief executives, which could help them in handling the challenges as reveled from the quantities data, in an efficient way in the future (Hutchison and Boxall 2014). Evidence The analysis of the quantitative data being collected in the survey, as conducted by the authors, reveals that the managers in the private sectors are thinking to implement a strategy that could form a trade off while trying to meet with the needs of the community and achieve the missions of their respective organizations as well. The mangers are constantly required to tackle the impact of the economic environment on the costs and revenue. Considering the nonprofit organizations, the data reveals that the growth in the requirements of the communities owing to the growing poverty and ageing population. The analysis of the qualitative data reveals that the mangers have been finding difficulties in managing the regulators (Hutchison and Boxall 2014). Comparing the overall results from the two sectors reveals that there are broad similarities in the fact that all the chief executives have been adjusting to an economic environment, which is challenging. Moreover, they have been sensitive to the fragility of the support from the stakeholder in this challenging environment. They also face war for talent owing to the wave of retirements of the baby-boomer (Hutchison and Boxall 2014). However, the overall pattern seemed to be more externally focused in the private sector. Use and understanding of concepts According to Jensen et al. (2014), chief executives of the private sector are required to emphasize on the need to win the support of the financing agencies. In addition, the public and not for profit executives are required to engage in continuing the traditional funding sources. According to Mergel and Desouza (2013), the chief executives in the private sector are more into the implementation of the business model such that to reinvent the same for getting a more profitable outcome. As postulated by Esteve et al. (2012), the overall pattern in there public and nonprofit organizations are internally focused in comparison to the same in the private organizations where it is externally focused. Thus, the managers in the private organizations are backing for more financial ideas whereas in the public and nonprofit organizations, they are concerned more in adjusting with the constrained finding base and tradeoffs in expenditure. According to Kor and Mesko (2013), to nurture management t alent and enable the chief executives to develop skills for managing the business environment, they are required to identify, design, and support the system and processes that could enable them ion managing the talent in the business environment. Conclusion The authors in their article have illustrated the importance of the management capabilities in New Zealand. The first challenge of managing the uncertainty and renewal requires the combination of understanding of the present environmental context with the leadership research. The second challenge, which can ve evidently found from the findings is the problem associated with managing relationship with business partners and stakeholders. Apart from that, the third challenge, which has been identified from the findings is realted to management of internal resources and employees. The above were the three categories, which pose major challenges for the chief executives in the organizations. The qualitative data as collected by the authors in the article also helps in providing solutions for these chief executives such that they could be handling the challenges as reveled from the quantities data, in an efficient way in the future. References Esteve, M., Boyne, G., Sierra, V. and Ysa, T., 2012. Organizational collaboration in the public sector: do chief executives make a difference?.Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, p.mus035. Hutchison, A. and Boxall, P., 2014. The critical challenges facing New Zealand's chief executives: implications for management skills.Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources,52(1), pp.23-41. Jensen, K., Scott, R.J., Slocombe, L., Boyd, R. and Cowey, L., 2014. The management and organisational challenges of more joined-up government: New Zealands Better Public Services reforms. Kor, Y.Y. and Mesko, A., 2013. Dynamic managerial capabilities: Configuration and orchestration of top executives' capabilities and the firm's dominant logic.Strategic Management Journal,34(2), pp.233-244. Mergel, I. and Desouza, K.C., 2013. Implementing open innovation in the public sector: The case of Challenge. gov.Public administration review,73(6), pp.882-890.